Recombinant Zaire ebolavirus Envelope glycoprotein (GP), partial | CSB-YP310843ZAA

Recombinant Zaire ebolavirus Envelope glycoprotein (GP), partial | CSB-YP310843ZAA | Cusabio

Alternative Name(s): GP1,2 ;GP

Gene Names: GP

Research Areas: Others

Organism: Zaire ebolavirus (strain Eckron-76) (ZEBOV) (Zaire Ebola virus)

AA Sequence: EAIVNAQPKCNPNLHYWTTQDEGAAIGLAWIPYFGPAAEGIYTEGLMHNQNGLICGLRQLANETTQALQLFLRATTELRTFSILNRKAIDFLLQRWGGTCHILGPDCCIEPHDWTKNITDKIDQIIHDFVDKTLPD

Source: Yeast

Tag Info: N-terminal 6xHis-tagged

Expression Region: 502-637aa

Sequence Info: Partial

MW: 17.3 kDa

Purity: Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Relevance: GP1 is responsible for binding to the receptor(s) on target cells. Interacts with CD209/DC-SIGN and CLEC4M/DC-SIGNR which act as cofactors for virus entry into the host cell. Binding to CD209 and CLEC4M, which are respectively found on dendritic cells (DCs), and on endothelial cells of liver sinusoids and lymph node sinuses, facilitate infection of macrophages and endothelial cells. These interactions not only facilitate virus cell entry, but also allow capture of viral particles by DCs and subsequent transmission to susceptible cells without DCs infection (trans infection). Binding to the macrophage specific lectin CLEC10A also ses to enhance virus infectivity. Interaction with FOLR1/folate receptor alpha may be a cofactor for virus entry in some cell types, although results are contradictory. Mbers of the Tyro3 receptor tyrosine kinase family also se to be cell entry factors in filovirus infection. Once attached, the virions are internalized through clathrin-dependent endocytosis and/or macropinocytosis. After internalization of the virus into the endosomes of the host cell, proteolysis of GP1 by two cysteine proteases, CTSB/cathepsin B and CTSL/cathepsin L presumably induces a conformational change of GP2, unmasking its fusion peptide and initiating mbranes fusion .GP2 acts as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least 3 conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell mbrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell mbranes. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the mbrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal mbrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in GP2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide .GP1,2 mediates endothelial cell activation and decreases endothelial barrier function. Mediates activation of primary macrophages. At terminal stages of the viral infection, when its expression is high, GP1,2 down-modulates the expression of various host cell surface molecules that are essential for immune surveillance and cell adhesion. Down-modulates integrins ITGA1, ITGA2, ITGA3, ITGA4, ITGA5, ITGA6, ITGAV and ITGB1. GP1,2 alters the cellular recycling of the dimer alpha-V/beta-3 via a dynamin-dependent pathway. Decrease in the host cell surface expression of various adhesion molecules may lead to cell detachment, contributing to the disruption of blood vessel integrity and horrhages developed during Ebola virus infection (cytotoxicity). This cytotoxicity appears late in the infection, only after the massive release of viral particles by infected cells. Down-modulation of host MHC-I, leading to altered recognition by immune cells, may explain the immune suppression and inflammatory dysfunction linked to Ebola infection. Also down-modulates EGFR surface expression .GP2delta is part of the complex GP1,2delta released by host ADAM17 metalloprotease. This secreted complex may play a role in the pathogenesis of the virus by efficiently blocking the neutralizing antibodies that would otherwise neutralize the virus surface glycoproteins GP1,2. Might therefore contribute to the lack of inflammatory reaction seen during infection in spite the of extensive necrosis and massive virus production. GP1,2delta does not se to be involved in activation of primary macrophages .

Reference: Emergence of subtype Zaire Ebola virus in Gabon.Volchkov V., Volchkova V., Eckel C., Klenk H.-D., Bouloy M., Leguenno B., Feldmann H.Virology 232:139-144(1997)

Storage: The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself. Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20?/-80?. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20?/-80?.

Notes: Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4? for up to one week.

Function: GP1 is responsible for binding to the receptor(s) on target cells. Interacts with CD209/DC-SIGN and CLEC4M/DC-SIGNR which act as cofactors for virus entry into the host cell. Binding to CD209 and CLEC4M, which are respectively found on dendritic cells (DCs), and on endothelial cells of liver sinusoids and lymph node sinuses, facilitate infection of macrophages and endothelial cells. These interactions not only facilitate virus cell entry, but also allow capture of viral particles by DCs and subsequent transmission to susceptible cells without DCs infection (trans infection). Binding to the macrophage specific lectin CLEC10A also seem to enhance virus infectivity. Interaction with FOLR1/folate receptor alpha may be a cofactor for virus entry in some cell types, although results are contradictory. Members of the Tyro3 receptor tyrosine kinase family also seem to be cell entry factors in filovirus infection. Once attached, the virions are internalized through clathrin-dependent endocytosis and/or macropinocytosis. After internalization of the virus into the endosomes of the host cell, proteolysis of GP1 by two cysteine proteases, CTSB/cathepsin B and CTSL/cathepsin L presumably induces a conformational change of GP2, allowing its binding to the host entry receptor NPC1 and unmasking its fusion peptide to initiate membranes fusion.

Involvement in disease:

Subcellular Location: GP2: Virion membrane, Single-pass type I membrane protein, Host cell membrane, Single-pass type I membrane protein, Note=In the cell, localizes to the plasma membrane lipid rafts, which probably represent the assembly and budding site, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: GP1: Virion membrane, Peripheral membrane protein, Host cell membrane, Peripheral membrane protein, Note=GP1 is not anchored to the viral envelope, but forms a disulfid-linked complex with the extravirion surface GP2, In the cell, both GP1 and GP2 localize to the plasma membrane lipid rafts, which probably represent the assembly and budding site, GP1 can also be shed after proteolytic processing, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: GP2-delta: Secreted

Protein Families: Filoviruses glycoprotein family

Tissue Specificity:

Paythway:

Form: Liquid or Lyophilized powder

Buffer: If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.

Reconstitution: We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20?/-80?. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.

Uniprot ID: P87671

HGNC Database Link: N/A

UniGene Database Link: N/A

KEGG Database Link: N/A

STRING Database Link: STRING

OMIM Database Link: OMIM